Frequency bands

Brain activity is often described in five broad EEG bands, from the slow waves of deep sleep to the fast rhythms of intense focus. Binaural beats are usually tuned to sit inside one of these ranges. Here's what each band actually is — minus the mysticism.

Delta

0.5–4 Hz

The slowest brainwave band, dominant during deep, dreamless sleep — the stage most associated with physical recovery.

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Theta

4–8 Hz

The drowsy, drifting band — present at the edge of sleep, in deep relaxation, and during some meditative states.

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Alpha

8–12 Hz

The calm-but-awake band — prominent when you close your eyes and relax, the classic "idle" rhythm of a settled mind.

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Beta

12–30 Hz

The alert, engaged band — dominant during active thinking, problem-solving, and focused external attention.

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Gamma

30–100 Hz

The fastest band — associated with moments of intense processing, and the frontier where entrainment research is thinnest.

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